Scientists have identified the enzyme that is crucial for breast tissue transformation in the tumor. The studies conducted on mice, showed that the blocking lysyl oxidase enzyme reduced the size and frequency of tumors.
Previously, scientists have noticed that the tissue surrounding the tumor was more rigid and fibrous. This feature helps doctors detect early stages of cancer, but they have not known so far what the reasons for these changes are. Higher levels of the lysyl oxidase enzyme increased the level of collagen in the mammary glands, which made the tissue be stiff.
Accordingly, there increased also the number of cancers, emerged in breast tissues. When the researchers used chemicals or antibodies to block the enzyme, the collagen in the mammary glands contained fewer cross-references and there was less fibrous tissue, it was smaller, and the emerging tumors were less aggressive.
This study explains why there increase the number of cases of
breast cancer dramatically with age as the tissue becomes more rigid and contains a large amount of collagen cross-links.
The next stage of research will test hypotheses about the action of the enzyme in humans; however, it will take time before there developed a new method of treatment.
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