Scientists at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies have identified that the metabolic switch that allows nutrients to change the rhythm of biological clocks. Circadian rhythm and metabolism are closely linked, and their failures are often the cause of obesity, hypertension, and insulin resistance.
The activity of 15% of genes is under the control of biological clocks. The most obvious change is the rhythm of daily activity of
sleep. Every morning, getting up from bed, people eat breakfast, and animals in the wild have to hunt or run away from predators.
Scientists have found an area of CRY1 on criptochrome-1, which originally appeared as a receptor for green plants, but later became an integral part to the biorhythm of vertebrates. It is an indicator for energy supply in cells. With large reserves of AMPK energy it is inactive, and the cell works properly. If the cell is exhausted, the AMPK starts and adds a phosphate molecule CRY1, beginning the destruction of CRY1 with result of the circadian rhythm acceleration.
Genetic disable AMPK in mice blocks these effects, stabilizes CRY1 and mess up the work of the circadian clock. Introducing rodents' substance, activating AMPK, scientists have managed to get the energy sensors worked properly.
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